Positive Thinking and Its Power

POSITIVE THINKING and ITS POWER Positive reasoning is a psychological mentality that concedes into the brain, musings, words and pictures that are conductive to development, extension and achievement. It is a psychological mentality that anticipates great and good outcomes. A positive psyche foresees bliss, delight, wellbeing and a fruitful result of each circumstance and activity. Whatever the brain expects, it finds. Not every person acknowledges or has faith in constructive reasoning. Some think about the subject as simply babble, and others laugh at individuals who accept and acknowledge it.Among the individuals who acknowledge it, relatively few expertise to utilize it adequately to get results. However, it appears that many are turning out to be pulled in to this subject, as prove by the numerous books, talks and courses about it. This is a subject that is picking up fame. It is very normal to hear individuals state: â€Å"Think positive! † to somebody who feels down and stressed. The vast majority don't pay attention to these words, as they don't have a clue what they truly mean, or don't think about them as valuable and effectiveWhen the mentality is sure we engage lovely sentiments and productive pictures, and find in our inner consciousness what we truly need to occur. This carries brilliance to the eyes, more vitality and joy. The entire being communicates cooperative attitude, satisfaction and achievement. We walk tall and the voice is all the more remarkable. Our non-verbal communication shows the manner in which you feel inside. So as to turn the psyche toward the positive, inward work and preparing are required. Disposition and musings don't change for the time being. Consider its advantages and convince yourself to attempt it.The intensity of musings is a relentless force that is continually molding our life. This molding is normally done subliminally, however it is conceivable to make the procedure a cognizant one. Regardless of whether the thought appears to be unusual check out it, as you don't have anything to lose, yet just to pick up. Disregard what others may state or think about you, in the event that they find that you are changing the manner in which you think. Continuously imagine just good and gainful circumstances. Utilize positive words in your inward discoursed or when conversing with others.Smile :)))) somewhat more, as this assists with suspecting decidedly. Negligence any sentiments of sluggishness or a craving to stop. In the event that you drive forward, you will change the manner in which your brain thinks. When a negative idea enters your brain, you must know about it and try to supplant it with a helpful one. The negative idea will attempt again to enter your brain, and afterward you need to supplant it again with a positive one. It is as though there are two pictures before you, and you decide to take a gander at one of them and negligence the other.Persistence will in the long run show your brain to think decidedly and overlook negative considerations. In the event that you feel any internal opposition when supplanting negative musings with positive ones, don't surrender, however continue taking a gander at the useful, great and upbeat contemplations in your psyche. So dear companions It truly doesn't make a difference what your conditions are at the present moment†¦. Think decidedly, anticipate just great outcomes and circumstances, and conditions will change as needs be. It might require some investment for the progressions to happen, however in the end they will take place†¦!!!!

Venlafaxine in Treatment of Depression †Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Venlafaxine in Treatment of Depression. Answer: Presentation In this report, I will talk about give a review of a multi year old male Mr. John Gray, clarifying the explanation behind his affirmation in the emergency clinic, his clinical indications, nursing issues related with his treatment, required nursing care and an assessment of dynamic factors that may help his recuperation following Levett-Jones clinical thinking cycle (Levett-Jones, 2013). In the last area I will think about my gaining from the experience. Mr. John Gray is 28 years of age male and single who had been admitted to the ward seven days back after a scene of self damage. John has a place with the cultivating network, north of Brisbane and his dad is a grazier. He hopes to assume control over the family ranch soon. He is confronting a few issues like wound blemishes on his legs and arms due to bombed self destruction endeavors. He doesn't partake in any exercises the board and is very hesitant to mingle. Along these lines, he has been confessed to treat his downturn. Misery is a condition of scattered state of mind and antipathy for any type of action that influences the wellbeing and prosperity of an individual (Karp, 2016). Mr. Grays ranch seems to have endured an extraordinary arrangement attributable to the current dry season conditions in his locale. He has a rope consume mark on his neck. On assessment it has been discovered that the imprint is a consequence of breaking of a rope, which he apparently used to hang himself. He has a few wound and broken skin on his legs and arms. They have happened because of resulting fall after his endeavor to hang. Be that as it may, he didn't endure any genuine physical wounds. The regions where his skin got broken were secured with a tape and some nonadherent dressing. The word related advisor announced John was hesitant to participate in any individual movement or little gathering games. At the point when I went to present myself, he was lying on the bed with the spreads pulled up high. He would not like to take part in any discussion. At the point when I tended to him, he started to snort and got some distance from me and confronted the divider. On clinical app raisal it was discovered that he had an ordinary circulatory strain of 125/75, respiratory pace of 18 breaths for each moment and an internal heat level of 36.3 C. Respiratory rate is the quantity of breath taken by an individual for each moment. The ordinary grown-up breath rate is12 to 20 breaths for each moment. His heartbeat recording was 66 pulsates every moment. A typical pulse while sitting or unwinding ought to be between 60-100beats every moment. Gloom is commonly delegated a type of basic mental issue. It is described by loss of intrigue, misery, low self-esteem, blame emotions, loss of hunger, tiredness and absence of focus (Solomon, 2014). John displayed comparative sort of a conduct on his admission to the medical clinic. Studies propose that any type of money related misfortune can go about as a hazard factor and make an individual helpless against burdensome turmoil. For this situation study, Johns ranch has endured colossal monetary misfortune because of dry spell. This money related pressure in the long run realized a feeling of uselessness and a sentiment of despondency in him (Greenberg, 2017). Proof proposes that downturn is one of the significant hazard factors for self destruction. Patients who experience a dream of neediness have a five times higher probability to end it all contrasted with those without such hallucinations the executives. His money related condition is most likely liable for past self destructi on endeavors (Crowe Butterworth, 2016). He had lost hunger. He hesitantly went for lunch on impulse yet ate practically nothing and before long came back to his bed (Sowislo Orth, 2013). The demonstrates that he is experiencing dysthymic issue, which is described by poor confidence, low vitality, poor craving and sentiment of sadness. Distinguish issues or issues John is on a prescription of 75mg venlafaxine two times per day and not exposed to some other drug or psychotherapy. It has been built up that monotherapy isn't adequate to decrease burdensome indications. This is the first issue in quite a while treatment (Vel'tishchev, 2015). He needs a higher portion of the medication related to different prescriptions. Another issue is his dietary pattern. I was educated that he had again skipped breakfast. Studies give proof on the connection between potential changes in craving and food inclination and sadness. John was constrained to go for lunch yet didn't have it. Force taking care of is dubious in such dietary problems. It makes a patient increasingly forceful and fierce. The third issue discovered identified with the contextual investigation was his rehashed self destruction endeavors. Self-destructive ideation emerges from sadness and nonstop dissatisfaction. Ridiculous desires make a few patients resolved to take their life (Riumallo-Her l et al., 2014). The imprint around his neck and the wounds on his body give proof that he has attempted to perpetrate self damage upon himself. Besides, when I went to his space to present myself and manufacture an affinity, he had the spreads pulled up high, snorted and dismissed. A self-destructive propensity can make him endeavor such a self mischief for some other time while being separated in his room and can make destroying results (Shah et al., 2014) Therefore, steady checking should be done to guarantee his security. I endeavored to mull over on a scrutinizing procedure to accomplish a sound comprehension of his issues. I asked myself inquiries like, what was theproblem, how extreme is his psychological sickness and what should be possible to give alleviation. A mental medical attendant is relied upon to recognize likely results explicit for singular patients. A definitive objective was to improve the status of his wellbeing. The results ought to have been commonly and particularly recognized. I needed to decide the productivity of likely helpful intercessions (Gunasekara et al., 2014). Explanation of objectives is a basic advance in the helpful technique. Objectives ought to be estimated in social terms. I needed to sensibly depict the progressions I proposed to achieve inside a time span. I needed to set up transient objectives for his advancement. My momentary objectives were to guarantee that John will come up and take part in little gathering games and individual exercises toward the finish of about fourteen days. I needed to guarantee that he doesn't support self-destructive considerations, the feeling of prosperity gets built up and he begins eating appropriately (Choon et al., 2015). This will include an evaluation of his family and clinical history, the elements liable for the condition and including his family for a superior consideration arrangement. Research contemplates express that a patient taking various classes of antidepressants are probably going to have better forecast. A mix of bupropion (75-400mg every day) with venlafaxin can be utilized as a first line treatment strategy (Laib et al., 2013). Continuous organization of a blend of these two medications will synergistically act to diminish burdensome side effects and will expand social capacity. Psychotherapy and intellectual advising will likewise demonstrate viable (Karyotaki et al., 2016). A preliminary, which included in excess of 400 individuals with wretchedness, found that a blend of these treatments and medicine effectively treated burdensome issue in patients. Intellectual advising, helping him with individual cleanliness and self consideration, starting continuous discussion, urging him to record his emotions on self destruction, teaching him on wretchedness, consistent management on his eating and resting designs and giving a point by point data on the requirement for clinical consistence can help in advancing health. Assess results The treatment plan ought to be redone for him dependent on careful appraisal of his indications and an examination of the reactions and remedial advantages. Thorough essential social insurance administrations are expected to advance ideal emotional well-being in patients. Offering enthusiastic help would guarantee his wellbeing, lessen weakness and increment his trust in the staff (Driessen et al., 2015). Moreover, the utilization bupropion related to venlafaxine can prompt an abrupt increment in pulse and outrageous perspiring. In this manner, there ought to be a consistent checking on his indispensable signs. Besides, a high portion of the two medications may bring down the seizure edge in the patient and increment its event (Furukawa et al., 2014). The dose of the meds ought to be quickly diminished if the patient shows such a scene of seizure. After I thought about the episode, I had the option to fabricate a compatibility with John and take care of his needs. I comprehended that the money related pressure and family obligation made him apprehensive and bothered. He couldn't devise a method of covering the money related misfortune and felt humiliated on his disappointment. This prompted improvement of self-destructive propensities. I additionally acknowledged, on proper mediations like sympathy and enthusiastic help, his confidence was revamped. It became troublesome when he didn't react. I further mirrored that it is important to utilize relational abilities and non verbal boosts (Renner, Cuijpers Huibers, 2014). Blend of the two medications as gained from proof based practice fundamentally brought down his side effects. I discovered that such patients need constant treatment and guiding based help to recuperate. End Misery is a mind-set of aggravation, which is described by distress and trouble happening because of individual catastrophe, money related misfortune or absence of enthusiasm for certain exercises. Giving treatment to a discouraged patient is a critical activity for an enlisted mental medicinal services nurture by and by. This report broke down and thought about the methods I used to evaluate Johns bio-psycho-social needs and the likely treatment objectives that I planned to accomplish. The report additionally expounded on references I increased after broad writing perusing, to explain proof based treatment the executives. Taking everything into account, on utilizing the clinical thinking cycle as a parameter to distinguish the emotional wellness issues, I was capable

Impact of social media on project stake holder management Research Paper

Effect of web-based social networking on venture partner the executives - Research Paper Example It frames a significant part that prompts smooth finishing of the task that has been attempted. This is a significant order that is for the most part tended to by effective individuals they accept that the assessments and thoughts of these partners are especially productive for the general task advancement and in the lion's share cases prompts the accomplishment of the undertaking as opposed to disappointment. There are different reasons that lead to disappointment of a task; in any case, the factor that is thought about in this examination study is the correspondence factor. A viable correspondence stage and coordination are the most significant mainstays of partner the board. As the partners should know about each conceivable detail of the task with the goal that they can contribute towards such venture so it brings about a triumph. Online networking in the current situation isn't just limited inside Facebook, Twitter, and so on., yet it has demonstrated itself to be a gainful inst rument when there is a prerequisite to enhance the degree of correspondence among the colleagues and furthermore among the various partners who assume a significant job in the achievement or disappointment of an undertaking. There are different methodologies in web based life stage that helps in upgrading correspondence and applying such standards in a task assists with overseeing viably the partners, encourages better joint effort, useful for critical thinking. Online networking as a model causes a person to concentrate on how data is being shared, utilized and amassed.

The Product Life Cycle Model Essay - 1375 Words

The Product Life Cycle Model (Essay Sample) Content: The Product Life Cycle ModelThe Product Life Cycle (PLC) has been a common phenomenon in both management and economic studies. The PLC theory stipulates that a firm that can easily forecast the change of the product from one stage to another can manage its sales revenue through adoption of appropriate marketing mix strategies. This will enable the organization to, effectively, integrate into the changing economy, and, in some cases, gain from better sales and increased profit outlay. The four stages that PLC Model attributes its philosophy includes introduction stage, growth stage, maturity stage, and decline stage. The model is alleged to be significant in business environment; however, some of the issues and applications are arguable. In any case, PLC Model occupies a key part in marketing and it is one of the fundamental variables that enhance formulation of business strategy (Meenaghan and Turnbull, 1978). Although some of the studies demonstrate the negative impa cts of PLC Model, the contemporary business entity should rely on PLC Model in order to realize effectiveness and strategic objectives.Managerial team in an organization need tools that can enable them to project the future trend of the company's activities, and PLC comes in handy. In the current chaotic and ever-changing economy, PLC model enables managers to estimate product directions on both micro and macro level, and enhances timely execution of its plan to combat potential competitors' moves. Being vested with relevant financial information and tools, the management, with the help of PLC model, can provide a clear financial and managerial report on the progression of past, current and future sales. The model provides a clear understanding on the past business events as a way of providing an interpretive and extrapolatory approach in developing a long-term strategy (Steinhardt, 2010). When the product strategy has been initiated, the PLC model can be relevant in validating the ongoing strategy as it shows the trends in the market, technological advancement, and customer issues. Organizations anticipate on emergence of competitors in the industry; thus, adequate preparation is relevant in order to strengthen the company's product position and to achieve large market share in the economy.Consequently, PLC Model has enabled the management in planning its long-term marketing strategies especially when the economies and markets are stable. However, most of the products normally become extinct due to technological advancement and hold no revenues. PLC will enable the organization to ascertain obsolete products in order to minimize usage of organization's resources on non-beneficial products. Through the combinations of various elements including sales volume, time, and the idea of radical stage, the model enables the determination of reasonable combinations in an attempt to mitigate dead products.The PLC model enables the organization to determine the cost of u ndertaking product development. Currently, product development has been a key feature in determining the profitability of the organization, and minimizing the cost outlay associated with this stage is crucial.PLC Model shows the cost associated with developing a product and the strategies that can be used to minimize the cost of developing the product. In addition, PLC Model assist managers to determine the revenue earned for the organization. With incumbent structure and reliable data on the sources of revenue for the organization, it is easy for the management to predict the revenue earned on its operations. Strategic goal for every organization is to maximize its revenue through minimization of cost outlay, and PLC Model will enable the organization to realize this goal (Lamb and Dunne, 2011).Apart from cost minimization and increase in revenue outlay, PLC Model is useful to management as it contributes to efficient marketing plan. It assists the management in fining the organiza tion's market through research and analysis of market trends, identify potential competitors and customers. PLC Model provides a platform in which the company can strategize on ways of keeping and attracting customers. Strategic marketing plan, facilitated by PLC model, will enable the organization to identify the kind of support that the product needs in the case where the product is at its infancy and declining stage, product redesigning strategies, whether the product is to be reinvigorated or not, and management's decision to withdraw the product from the organization (Steinhardt, 2011). Competition across the economy has fostered the management to undertake strategic marketing plan in order to safeguard its competitive advantage in the economy.Organization's cash flow can be managed when PLC Model is routinely monitored. Most of the operations can be ignored by the management when they handle the huge sales volume of the products; however, with PLC Model in place, forecasting o f cash flow will be vital in making investment decisions. Experienced managers know that managing the working cash flows is a demanding exercise. Most of the daily tasks of management arise from problems of achieving the timely supply of goods and services at the right level of quality to the business, and the problems of manufacturing the product right first time without quality defects. Both tasks have to be satisfactorily completed before delivery and invoicing can take place in turn resulting in cash flow from customers to the business (Saaksvuori and Immonen, 2008). In ascertaining the investment requirements of a business, PLC Model has been useful. However, the amount of business risk inherent in a particular business is affected by the nature and behavior of the working capital cycle.The timing of sales and costs, which characterizes PLC Model, enables an organization to improve its overall profitability. The model enables an organization to analyze the market trends, and fo cus its sales to the preferred target consumers. This ensures that the organization maximizes its resources. In addition, PLC Model is useful to the organization as it allocates resources to various products in the sector. When resources are located to different products, there is high possibility of increasing revenue outlay unlike when they are allocated to specific products in the organization. As such, the company would be assured of growth and exploit the available resources. As competitors enter the market during growth, each firm attempts to get larger share of the slower-growing market in the maturity stage. The sales of the industry continue to grow but at a decreasing rate; therefore, the need to establish a coherent PLC Model.However, despite the positive attributes on PLC Model, its disadvantages are clear in the way it operates. PCL Model is characterized by four stages; introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Though the four life cycle stages are distinct, it is i mpossible to ascertain a given stage in the life of a product. Some of the products would ever remain in the growth stage, others in the maturity stage, while others will move directly from introduction to decline stage. According to Mukherjee (2010), the life time of a product will not necessarily have to pass through the product lifecycle stages rather it would depend on the market strategy of the company. In addition, the length of product life cycle stages cannot be ascertained, and the management cannot use the information provided by the PLC Model to forecasts on future market trends. Various products have different length of time, and the management cannot provide a clear data on the time framework in which the products can change from one stage to the other. This inhibits the planning strategy of the company. As such, the company needs to rely on the information from the customers and shareholders on the effectiveness of the product (Hesselbach and Her...

Family And Family Arrangements And Values - 1505 Words

From There to Here Family Is The Definition of family, is relative, no pun intended. It depends on your background and experiences. Family can be friends or blood relatives, it can mean many different things to everyone. But most importantly I think it means support, you should consider to be a part of your family anyone who supports the decisions that you make, and doesn’t judge you for them. This can include friends, and family. It’s important to decide for yourself what matters most to you, and to no longer rely on the outdated ideas of the past. Stephanie Coontz (2010) said â€Å"Family arrangements and values continue to differ by social class, religion, race, and ethnicity.† (p. 46) A Little Background I grew up poor but not destitute in rural East Texas. My father was the 3rd youngest in a family of eleven kids, my grandfather, Neal McDaniel was a cotton farmer, not long after my father was born in 1958 he quit farming and my grandma Thelma McDaniel went to work at a lumber factory. My father’s family was poor. However, my grandpa was able to purchase enough land to give each of his kids something to call their own, this is where I lived the first eighteen years of my life in a house that my father built. I am an only child. My father worked a laborious job as a roofer, for most of his life, while nursing a pretty mean alcohol and drug addiction. He no longer works, and is in worsening health but still has his vices. My mother grew up in Houston, a city girl,she had twoShow MoreRelatedLegal And Non Legal Responses1339 Words   |  6 Pagesissues relating to family law and evaluate the effectiveness of legal and non-legal responses to these issues In recent decades, there has been a shift in the definition of a family to better suit the new emerging alternative family arrangements in today’s society. A family is defined as the natural and fundamental group unit of society especially in relation to the upbringing of children. However, this Eurocentric, nuclear family construct has evolved as alternative family arrangements such as de-factoRead MoreDe Facto Relationships1529 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿De Facto Relationships 1. Identify and describe an alternative family arrangement you have chosen and how or why it is considered an ‘alternative family arrangement’. A de facto couple is an unmarried heterosexual or same sex couple. The Family Law Act 1975 –section 4AA defines a de facto couple as ‘persons who are not legally married to each other, persons not related by family and having regard to all circumstances of their relationship, they have a relationship as a couple living togetherRead MoreChina s One Child Policy1631 Words   |  7 Pagesgrowth rate has reduced substantially, this implementation has been tremendously restructured how Chinese families value family structure, child preferences, marriage, parenting, living arrangements, and eldercare. This one child policy has transformed into a problematic system for the Chinese family to maintain their traditional value, and also introduced new problems to the family. Family Size and Structure As an immediate outcome of the one child policy effective on 1979, the fertility rate hasRead MoreMarriages Decline902 Words   |  4 Pagesclimb as families evolve into 21st century By William Harms   News Office The American family, which has undergone a major transformation in the past generation, is poised to change even more in the coming century. Households continue to diverge from the traditional family-structure model of a stay-at-home mother, working father and children, according to a new report from the National Opinion Research Center. Because of divorce, cohabitation and single parenthood, a majority of families rearingRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Edible Arrangements1406 Words   |  6 PagesPromotion / Communication Edible Arrangements brand revolves around family values and beliefs in an effort to appeal to one’s emotional side. Commercials emphasize family gatherings during the holiday season and special celebrations. Many times the fruit baskets are next to floral arrangements or chocolate rabbits, for instance, as a delicious healthy alternative to these choices. These commercials appear to be working and we capitalize on the commercials by advertising similar campaigns in localRead MoreWho Gets The House?818 Words   |  4 Pagesbusinesses bank accounts automobiles jewelry furnishing artwork stocks and bonds pensions electronics boats, ATV s, etc retirement plans In short, everything that you own which either has value or generates income is going to be divided up. Some states, like New York, will even include the value of degrees, licenses, and professional certifications that were earned during the marriage in the property calculations. At present, Georgia does not do this, but it does not mean someone will notRead MoreSolving the Foreclosure Crisis in Low-Income Neighborhoods Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesIn cities across the United States, the ongoing foreclosure crisis has caused the rapid spread of urban blight. The proliferation of foreclosed properties has consequences far beyond the hardships encountered by families facing foreclosure. Rising crime, unstable neighborhoods, and local budget problems are but a few of the external effects created by an overabundance of foreclosed property. Dealing with such property requires a two-faceted approach by local governments that focuses on acquiringRead MorePresident Trump And The Trump Organization1452 Words   |  6 Pagesfar most of the corporate value. President Trump said on Wednesday that the cuts would expand speculation and goad development, making more extensive flourishing. Be that as it may, specialists say the upside is constrained, not minimum in light of the fact that the economy is as of now growing. The arrangement would likewise profit Mr. Trump and other well-to-do Americans by dispensing with the domain assess, which influences only a couple of thousand uber-affluent families every year, and the optionRead MoreComparison Between Russia And Germany905 Words   |  4 Pagespromoting â€Å"traditional family values†, pushing back against cultural change of marriage (Petrova, 2015b). Germany, on the other hand, is embracing and supporting the cultural change. The two countries, while similar in their marital practices in the past, are vastly different in what they deem socially acceptable today. Most notably, Russia and Germany differ in their societal views and expectations of marriage, age of marriage, and a couples pre and post marital living arrangements. Although these areRead MoreThe Usefulness of Functionalism for an Understanding of the Family1289 Words   |  6 PagesThe Usefulness of Functionalism for an Understanding of the Family The Functionalists see the family as an important and vital institution in society. They take a MACRO view and look at interdependence between the family and other organisations. Functionalists look at the positive parts to society but overlook the negatives. They emphasise on the value consensus and see the family as being universal. Other people’s outlooks disagree with this view, such as the Marxists

Futsal Business Plan - 9711 Words

1. Company Overview 2.1 Business Description Company Name Sweat Planet Sdn Bhd Established Date 1 January 2011 Ownership Status General Partnership Type of Business Entertainment, Sports Event Management amp; Recreational Facilities Location PT 5517, Jalan BBN 1/1, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan Company Logo Purpose: The main purpose of this business plan is for us to obtain additional capital from financial institution. Concept: This indoor sports facility will be equipped with 4 full international-sized Futsal courts made of artificial grass. This facility will also be equipped with lighting poles to enable evening and night play. Many value-added facilities will be provided to our customers such as, lockers, female†¦show more content†¦Our other objectives include: * To provide the best indoor soccer facilities to our customer, with specific emphasis on quality, customer service, satisfaction and value of money. * To launch a successful nationwide professional futsal league. * To introduce and manage annual futsal tournaments. * To introduce and manage feeder leagues for the nationwide league. 2.2 Company Ownership This company will be a general partnership owned by Ellynur Suhaili Sufri, May July August, Li Yue Rong, Wendy and Kenny. Figure 1: Organizational Chart 1.2.1 Tasks and responsibilities:- 1. Director - will be in charge in leading the company and the management team to achieve overall target and projection target. The leadership will emphasis on motivation 2. Marketing Manager - will be in charge in keeping Sweat Planet active and alive by doing promotions, advertising and also public awareness to make sure that the public is aware of our weekly and monthly activities and will try to focus on the current target market and plans to develop new and potential target market. These responsibilities also will allow Sweat Planet to educate the public about our futsal facilities and event management programs. 3. Sales Manager – will be in charge in making our income larger and larger. 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Belch, E. and Belch A. describe Integrated Marketing Communications as â€Å"a concept of marketing communications planning that recognizes the added value of a comprehensive plan that evaluates the strategic roles of a variety of communication disciplines and combines these disciplines to provide clarity, consistency and maximum communications impact†. The disciples in the marketing communications include: ï‚ § Media advertisingRead MoreStudying At New York University1465 Words   |  6 Pages‘Entrepreneurship: Managing a Venture’ courses during the undergraduation. This was the time when I started developing interest in marketing, human resource management, strategy etc. besides looking into the normal coding jobs. I learned to develop business ideas, conduct market research, work to acquire financing, and more. I successfully completed the Entrepreneurship stream specialization during this time. 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To better understand why and how FIFA became so corrupt, I’d like to lead with some background on the historyRead MoreTan Sri Lim Goh Tong Biography7572 Words   |  31 Pagesman in Malaysia with a net worth estimated to be 4.2 billion USD, making him the 204th richest person in the billionaire list compiled by Forbes. And to his admirers, he was more than just a developer, personifying the clutch of overseas Chinese business entrepreneurs who fled hardship in their homeland to build the corporate empires that played a major role in South-east Asias economic boom. He is a model of success, starting from scratch, and his achievements came through hard work. Tan SriRead MoreTan Sri Lim Goh Tong Biography7565 Words   |  31 Pagesman in Malaysia with a net worth estimated to be 4.2 billion USD, making him the 204th richest person in the billionaire list compiled by Forbes. And to his admirers, he was more than just a developer, personifying the clutch of overseas Chinese business entrepreneurs who fled hardship in their homeland to build the corporate empires that played a major role in South-east Asias economic boom. He is a model of success, starting from scratch, and his achievements came through hard work. Tan Sri Lim

Spare parts Essay Example For Students

Spare parts Essay We have ah billion Hong Kong dollars worth of spare parts on our shelves. Managing these spare parts effectively is instrumental in ensuring the efficient operations of our airline. This presents a significant challenge to the engineering department. Robert Taylor, manager of inventory operations, Cathy Pacific A profitable and financially sound commercial airline, Cathy Pacific Airways Limited had every reason to be proud. It was voted Airline of the Year in the orals largest passenger poll, conducted by Ashtray Research in 2005, and named Airline of the Year by Air Transport World magazine in 2006. 2 However, there an operational pain that continued to bother Cathy Pacific. In March 2007, Robert Taylor, manager of inventory operations, and Paul Bar-well, manager of procurement of aircraft components and maintenance, were requested to head up a task force to optimism the supply chain management of spare parts operations at Cathy Pacific. Aviation spare parts constituted a significant expense in Cathy Pacifisms financial statements. From the balance sheet respective, as of December 2005, the total inventory value of all aviation spare parts amounted to over IIS$350 million. Dead and inactive stock accounted for 3% per annum and avgas an issue to manage with care due to obsolescence and unpredictable demand patterns. Supply chain management for aviation spare parts was complex because Of the need to ensure timely service availability of a huge variety of stock and to comply with stringent quality and regulatory requirements. Company interview on 25 July 2007. For details, see Cathy Pacifisms website: http://paw. . Catholicity. Com. Karen Lee and Jonathan Pelvis prepared this case under the supervision of Benjamin Yen for class discussion. This case is not intended to show effective or ineffective handling to decision or business processes. C 2009 by The Asia Case Research Centre, The University of Hong Kong, No part fifths publication may he reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means-electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise (including the the permission of The University of Hong Kong. Ref. 09/ICC Aviation Spare Parts Supply Chain Management Optimization at Cathy Pacific Airways Limited 9/ICC A bolt for a desk chair costs a dollar. The same bolt for a chair on an airplane would cost 30 dollars. It is that magnitude of difference. Everything for an aircraft is massively expensive. Paul Barbell, manager of procurement, Cathy Pacific The challenge for the management team was to explore alternatives for optimizing spare parts supply chain management and instigate process improvement. The Aviation Spare parts Industry Managing spare parts in the aviation industry had always been a challenge for airline operators because the aviation supply chain was unusually complicated. The aviation industry avgas regulated by international and local authorities such as the LOS Federal Aviation Administration (PAPA), the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASE) and the Civil Aviation Department of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Mechanics certified by the PAPA were required to check all non-deferrable repairs before a planes departure and verify that all regulations were met. In addition, the had the authority to ground a plane airline operators did not complete the deferrable repairs Within the stipulated timeshare. 4 All suppliers Of airplane spare parts were squired to possess special legal certifications and formal protocols, which were stipulations that indicated assumption of responsibility in case of an accident. Turnaround time for repairs was critical, as highlighted by measurable and non. Measurable costs. In addition to standard passenger compensation for flight delays such as hotel accommodation, it cost ISSUE per minute to keep an aircraft on the runway-5 Moreover, there existed a risk that customers might be upset or even shift to other airlines if delays caused them to lose their connecting flights. Therefore the cost to aircraft delays was a key decision making element in engineering, Aviation spare parts themselves were also expensive and complex. To illustrate, the average cost to an engine was LIST$12 million and comprised thousands components and assemblies ranging from nuts and bolts to ten thousands. In addition to manufacturing expenses, the high costs were attributed to regulatory and testing requirements of spare parts for reliability. The variability of airplane spare parts, coupled with the sporadic nature of demand for aircraft maintenance repair parts, made spare parts demand forecasting more difficult, necessitating increased manpower. Buyers Market The carrying costs for aviation spare parts inventory were relatively expensive. Future demands for spare parts were made based on maintenance information, scheduled maintenance plans and past usage patterns such as flying hours or parts demand. However, the usage pattern Of Spare parts remained highly unpredictable because of the high level of demand variability. It was reported that 30% Of the inventory Of a traditional airline was active, another 30% was slow-moving but necessary to have on hand and the remaining 40% was dead stock. 6 It was estimated that the airline industry spent over CASSIS billion per ear on spare parts, of which 10% came from airlines and overhaul agencies pre- owned stocks. 7 The value of spare engines for major airlines was estimated at over US$11 billion and the 3 SHCOON, M. ND Pat-Cornell, E. (2000) Delays and Safety in Airline Maintenance, Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 67 (3), up. 301-309. Company interview on AS July 2007. Harrington, L, (2007) From Just in Case to Just in Time, Air Transport World, 44 up. 77-80. 7 Doug, B. (2000) Spares Apart, Aerospace International, 27 (6), up. 14-17. 4 09/ICC overall value of spare parts stored by the airline industry had increased from IIS$45 billion in 1995 to US$C billion in 2002, of which was owned by airline operators. Aircraft components were complex, high-level modules consisting of dozens or hundreds of parts. The life span of a component could exceed two decades, during which it might be repaired or overhauled more than a dozen times. These issues, combined with aviation authority requirements such as certification and traceability and issues of reliability and safety, increased the cost of obtaining and keeping aviation spare parts. Since the majority tooth inventory value in the aviation supply chain was tied up in spare components, hey represented the primary target for inventory value reduction. Suppliers Market Similar to any other industry, price and quality were two major determining factors for airline operators in evaluating their spare parts suppliers. As a result of tight aviation regulations, airline operators, as customers, were constrained in supplier selection Moreover, there were situations that were dominated by a single supplier, as with parts solely supplied by an original equipment manufacturer (MEMO)_ Memos were companies who were original manufacturers of a component for a product that might be resold by another company. The limited choice and high concentration of Memos limited airline operators negotiation power. Unlike consumable products, the criticality of the engine and the long usable life Of an aircraft had contributed to Strong resistance among airline operators to switch engine spare parts suppliers. Moreover, there was limited room to negotiate after an aircraft was purchased; the purchaser was now dependent on the Memos products. Because Of tight regulations and dependence on Memos, seeking alternative suppliers was a challenge for Cathy Pacific 10 The suppliers market was concentrated in a handful of aerospace conglomerates, including Goodrich Corporation and Honeywell Aerospace. This was very much unlike the car industry, in which Volvo could choose from a number of suppliers to purchase a new engine for a new car. Joint purchasing activities amongst airline alliances to influence procurement processes were also likely to be opposed for anti-trust reasons. Joint purchasing activities pursued by airline alliances were deemed as similar actions undertaken by a conglomerate trying to influence the supply market. Strict regulations were in place, in countries like Australia, to govern the extent of joint purchasing activities allowed, II High School Journalism: Breaking The Barriers EssayCritical components were parts that were essential to operating an aircraft safely and effectively, They could make the difference between a safe landing and a mid;r catastrophe. These parts were usually very expensive and complex. An example of a critical component the USES million Electronic Engine Controller 17. Nan-critical components encompassed all parts of the plane that were not essential to the effective and safe operation of an airplane. There was a diverse range of Nan-critical components, from in-flight entertainment systems to nuts and bolts. Expendables and consumables qualified as non-critical components in the majority of cases. Nevertheless, there were instances where these types of parts were considered critical components, such as a dowel required to keep a table part in operational form. The critical and non-critical dimension could be applied to all five classes of materials . 18 Current Practices in Aviation Spare Parts Supply Chain Management The spare parts supply chain operations at Cathy Pacific flowed from procurement and inventory management to repair management and logistics management. Cathy Pacifisms internal supply chain strategy had been driven by ensuring quality and service to the aircraft operation in the most cost efficient manner. Procurement The supply chain of spare parts at Cathy Pacific was a very complex, large-scale operation with thousands of suppliers and distributors. Aviation spare parts were handled and directly purchased by Cathy Pacific. The purchasing activities were transaction-orientated, from sourcing and storage to consumption and repurchase. Cathy Pacifisms procurement process could be triggered by normal replenishment, initial provisioning or special provisioning . In line with the nature of the business, Cathy Pacific had to ensure that adequate airworthy spare parts were available at all times. In addition to purchasing activities, the procurement process involved Cathy Pacifisms cross-functional names in selecting, monitoring, evaluating and managing relationships with part providers to ensure operational effectiveness Key performance indicators were set as quantifiable objective measures to assess the quality and the performance of the parts. Some of these measures included average and variance Of lead time, quality levels and component performance. The airline industry had very few choices for critical parts component suppliers. Moreover, the sensitive nature Of these critical parts limited Cathy Pacifies ability to switch suppliers because of the significant costs associated With switching. There was a greater level flexibility for non-critical spare parts, with over 200 consumables and expendables suppliers. This, however, had, consumed much Of Cathy Pacifisms resources in managing supplier relationships. An electronic engine controller is used to monitor and control the operation of the engine Cathy Pacific (1 May 2006) Engineering Procedure Manual Inventory Operations Volume AAA, Company presentations, Aviation Spare parts Supply Chain Management Inventory Management Inventory management for Cathy Pacific is determining the right quantity of spare parts and material at the right time and at the right place to meet anticipated and unanticipated demands to maintain aircraft operations at the desired service level at the optimal costs Engineering Procedure Manual, Cathy Pacific Monitoring of stock turnover, which was an indicator of the efficiency of stock management, was thus an integral component Of Cathy Pacifisms inventory management process. Timely stock replenishments were needed once reorder points were reached. An extensive system, Ultramarine, was in place for management of components replacements and newly acquired spare parts [see Exhibit 6 and 7). Cathy Pacific also needed to minimize inventory holding costs. In theory, an exhaustive inventory was needed to reach a service level that could satisfy all the possible demand of its aircraft, Because this was financially and operationally infeasible, Cathy Pacific had to operate in the most economically responsible way and strike a balance between the most effective inventory levels to hold on to relative to the corresponding service level. To guard against the risk and cost of prolonged downtime, Cathy Pacific normally built in a buffer stock and, as a result, additional cost was incurred to engineering operation in general. Despite Cathy Pacifisms efforts to manage their spare parts inventory in an optimal manner, they still encountered circumstances where a certain part was needed and no stock Vass available. Coping with such a situation was referred to as shortage management. Shortage management avgas a process of sourcing parts that, for one reason or another, were unavailable to meet the expected demands. 19 When Cathy Pacific required a spare part immediately and none avgas readily available, they explored several options to meet the urgent need: ; Aircraft-on- ground (AGO) orders were employed in situations where a Cathy Pacific plane as grounded and could not take Off Without a certain part. When an AGO order was placed, the part would be shipped via same-day express delivery. ; Cathy Pacific could retrieve the necessary spare part by borrowing it from another airline. ; Pool loans were another way Cathy Pacific was able to manage part shortages. By signing a contract with the International Airline Technical Pool, Cathy Pacific was granted access to a network of over 100 airlines with which they could share spare parts when in need without incurring a surcharge. ; Cathy could also borrow a part from one of its other aircraft. Repair On average, Cathy Pacific managed over 80,000 repair orders per year, or over 7,000 repair orders per month. 0 After determining whether tautly parts were repairable or not, Cathy Pacific had to determine whether their existing repairers had both the required capability as well as necessary capacity to repair the full range of components installed on its aircraft. To this end, Cathy Pacific compiled a database of over 300 of the worlds major airplane spare part repair shops. Repair shops were selected based on the types of spare parts the shop specialized in, quality, price and service level. In 2000, Cathy Pacific collaborated with 13 other airlines to develop Arrogance, a system designed to facilitate the sharing and exchange of information, such as repairer sourcing, 19 Company interview on IS December 2006. Company interview on 15 December 2006. Between the participating airlines . Intimation such as the types of spare parts availability and suppliers lists was available through the Arrogance program, Cathy Pacific forecasted future demand for components on projected fleet utilization and an individual components life cycle, However, his only represented part of the picture as the method lacked the ability to forecast demand arising from unscheduled removals, which counted for nearly of all removals. Logistics Management Given that appropriate quality and quantity of inventory was available and that the inventory was processed and repaired accordingly, effective supply chain management was dependent on effective logistics management. Logistics management in this context was the practice Of minimizing the duration and number of processes required to transport spare parts from one place to another. Cathy Pacifies logistics management arm was responsible for managing the shipment of ordered inventory from warehouse to airplane as well as to and from the repair centers. In order to reduce lead times, Cathy Pacific usually shipped parts individually between repair houses and Cathy Pacific hubs. However, in order to minimize costs, Cathy Pacific consolidated shipments of spare parts that were less sensitive to lead times. In Australia, for example, a fixed import tax was charged on every shipment. Cathy Pacific would therefore weigh the time and costs associated with allowing several spare parts to be accumulated for the purpose of consolidating them into one shipment. Cathy pacific outsourced to third-party logistics companies to transport their unserviceable parts to various repair houses across the globe.

Reflection Letter free essay sample

It was my actions that have caused me all these mess and according to the lessons I have learnt in the Academic Integrity Seminar, I believe in high degree of integrity from today. My friend and I were caught cheating on quizzes and online tests. Unfortunately, our instructor caught us red-handed and we were referred to the Office of Student Conduct. My relaxed efforts on academics led me into all these mess. Instead of going to do more studies on previously learnt topics, my peers and would go to the clubs and any other place that we could have fun and forgot our academic roots were more important.Only to find that had nothing to offer whenever there was an exam. Thats when my best friend would suggest that we improvise a way in which we can acquire high grades and achieve academic scholarship. The truth is that our efforts were imposing a great danger in my academic and personal life. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection Letter or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This kind of incidences has also happened to my peers especially my best friend. To avoid such a circumstance occurring again in my life, I have decided to take my studies more seriously. Again, I have decided to make proper preparations in my studies prior to examination period or any other test and quiz. Eave also cited to avoid the bad groups or peers in the campus and choose a company with good academic morals. During the Academic Integrity Seminar, have learnt that I am only destroying my life. Am a person with great vision for my life, my county and the entire world. I dont want to shun this away. My knowledge on ethics and integrity has gone a notch higher. Being able to know that ethics and integrity is part of my scholar achievement during my academic life, its an assurance that I will practice it both in college and after college. This lesson on integrity will go a long way in my life as I have to reactive even at work place.Knowledge without ethics and integrity is harm to a scholars life. I went through all the modules in the integrity seminar and learnt that some Of us fall victims Of plagiarism knowingly or knowingly. We have to include citations in our term papers whenever we use work from other authors whether its from the internet or from any other public sources. We should not have the assumptions that the sources belong to the community. From now onwards, I will make sure that cite any reference that quote in my academic term papers and any life research papers I work on.

An Effective Teacher Evaluation Includes Questions

An Effective Teacher Evaluation Includes Questions The most effective method for evaluating a teacher effectively is dual, mutual involvement and ongoing collaboration in the evaluation process.  The teacher, being guided by the evaluator, is consulted and involved throughout the evaluation process. When this happens, the evaluation becomes a tool to springboard true growth and ongoing improvement.  Teachers and administrators find authentic value in this type of evaluation process. The biggest drawback is that it is a time-consuming process, but ultimately it proves worth the extra time for many teachers. Many teachers feel like there is often a disconnect in the process because they are not involved enough. A first step in actively involving teachers in the process is to have them answer questions about the teacher evaluation. Doing so before and after the evaluation gets them thinking about the process that naturally makes them more involved. This process also gives both sides some critical talking points when they meet face-to-face as some evaluation systems require the teacher and evaluator to meet before the evaluation takes place and after the completion of the evaluation. Administrators can utilize a short questionnaire designed to get the teacher thinking about their evaluation. The questionnaire can be completed in two parts.  The first part gives the evaluator some prior knowledge before they conduct the evaluation and helps the teacher in the planning process. The second part is reflective in nature for both the administrator and teacher. It serves as a catalyst for growth, improvement, and future planning. The following is an example of some questions you can ask to improve the teacher evaluation process. Pre-Evaluation Questions What steps did you take to prepare for this lesson?Briefly describe the students in this class, including those with special needs.What are your goals for the lesson? What do you want the student to learn?How do you plan to engage students in the content? What will you do? What will the students do?What instructional materials or other resources, if any, will you use?How do you plan to assess student achievement of the goals?How will you close or wrap up the lesson?How do you communicate with the families of your students? How often do you do this?  What types of things do you discuss with them?Discuss your plan for handling student behavior issues should they arise during the lesson.Are there any areas you would like for me to look for (i.e. calling on boys vs. girls) during the evaluation?Explain two areas that you believe are strengths going into this evaluation.Explain two areas that you believe are weaknesses going into this evaluation. Post-Evaluation Questions Did everything go according to plan during the lesson? If so, why do you think it went so smooth. If not, how did you adapt your lesson to handle the surprises?Did you get the learning outcomes you expected from the lesson? Explain.If you could change anything, what would you have done differently?Could you have done anything differently to boost student engagement throughout the lesson?Give me three key takeaways from conducting this lesson. Do these takeaways impact your approach moving forward?What opportunities did you give your students to extend their learning beyond the classroom with this particular lesson?Based on your daily interactions with your students, how do you think they perceive you?How did you assess student learning as you went through the lesson? What did this tell you? Is there anything that you need to spend some additional time on based on the feedback received from these assessments?What goals are you working towards for yourself and your students as you prog ress throughout the school year? How will you utilize what you taught today to make connections with previously taught content as well as future content?After I finished my evaluation and left the classroom, what immediately happened next?Do you feel that this process has made you a better teacher? Explain.

Human Infections in the Year 2009 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Human Infections in the Year 2009 - Essay Example These impacts could range from just interfering to the normal metabolic functions of the host organisms to the instant cause of death to the host. There are many types of infection in the human contexts such as parasitic, bacterial, or viral infections. Many of these infections caused many human lives throughout the ages. From the bubonic plague to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, infections played an important involvement in humans' history, religion, and evolution. The breakthrough of the microscope gave way to the discovery of microorganisms. There are two types of cell that could be found in the living world, the prokaryotic and the eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are primarily characterized by the absence of nuclear membrane within the cell while eukaryotic cells have nuclear membrane that separates the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from the other organelles in the cytoplasm of the cell. Bacteria are microorganisms believed to be the first life forms on earth. Prokaryotes could be eubacteria or true bacteria, or archaebacteria. The difference between eubacteria and archaebacteria are the absence of muramic acid in the cell wall of archaebacteria, the presence of ester linkage between lipids in eubacterial cell membrane and ether linkage in archaebacteria, the different structural types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase present between the two, the resistance of archaebacteria to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and kanamycin, and the hig h tolerance of archaebacteria to strive in extreme physico-chemical factors of environments such as hot or cold temperature, high salinity, and others as compared to eubacteria. Furthermore, some other differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the presence of cell wall in most prokaryotes which is composed of mucopeptide, and polysaccharide protein, while, most eukaryotic cell wall is polysaccharide. The absence of mitochondria and chloroplast organelle in prokaryotes is also observed. The presence of plasmids- a circular extra-chromosomal double stranded DNA capable of self replicating and could transfer genetic information to nuclear DNA for the cellular survival- in prokaryotes is commonly observed although some eukaryotes could have plasmids, the occurrences are very rare. The ability of prokaryotes to reduce sulfur, fix atmospheric nitrogen to N2, produce their own food with the utilization of inorganic nutrients, and the ability to store poly-B-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is detected (Pandolfi et al. 2007). Among the infections known to science, the bacterial infections are the most common. Different kinds of diseases are caused by different kinds of bacteria. Eubacteria or true bacteria or simply bacteria could be classified into groups through their shapes, sizes and staining technique used to view them. There are six basis of classifying bacteria. These are shape, Gram reaction, atmosphere, spores, biochemistry, and serology test. Bacterial shape could be cocci, spiral, or bacilli. Cocci are spherical, bacilli are long and thin shape, and spiral could vary in wavelength and curve. On the other hand, classifying bacteria through Gram reaction is based on its cell wall properties. The Gram reaction could result to Gram-negative or

The Case of Sarver Elementary School Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The of Sarver Elementary School - Case Study Example At the final decision, Caine went against his commitment and voted for closing Sarver while Davis and Ebel adhered to their commitments and supported the Committee. The votes were in the 3-2 ratio, supporting the decision of closing Sarver. Amelia Stone, Committee’s member alleged the board for several issues such as rejection of Committee’s report without any consideration, violation of Sunshine Law and bypassing contractual commitment of Caine in support of Sarver Elementary School. After noticing all the situation and issues, it is quite clear that both sides conducted studies for coming up on a conclusion regarding the closing of Sarver Elementary School. However, it is quite clear that the whole board is not ready to close the school. The Committee is interested in closing Miller School because this school can be converted into a business setup while Sarver Elementary School has chances of future growth. There were professionals on both sides for considering the issue of closing Sarver School. Caine has promised in black and white to support the Committee’s decision by voting against closing Sarver Elementary School but he has not fulfilled his promise and has voted against his consent. Therefore, the vote placed by Caine should be ignored. After this, the voting will be in a ratio of 2-2. Looking at this situation, it is quite clear that Citizen’s Task Force and â€Å"Save Sarver† Committee have to reconsider their decisions. They should sit with another in order to come to a solution. The voting process should be there again in order to know about the new situation. Dr. Connie Kniving has just seen one side of the situation and has rejected all the efforts of â€Å"Save Sarver† Committee preferring the decision of Citizen’s Task Force. He has to keep proper attention to both the reports submitted by the Task Force and the Committee in order to come to a conclusion regarding the closing of Sarver Elementary School.

Starbucks Coffee Company Essay Example for Free

Starbucks Coffee Company Essay Executive Summary 1. Starbucks product isn’t only about the goods it provides, but the services and the experience of going to a starbucks as well. 2. Starbucks has two main end user groups, to which Starbucks product has many different aspects that are beneficial to them. 3. SWOT internal analysis reveals strengths of brand image and high standards and weaknesses in over saturation and lack of diversity. Externally, Starbucks has opportunity to expand and diversify to avoid threatening competition and reliance on individual products. 4. Porter’s Five Forces analysis displays threats from high consumer and supplier bargaining power, a large amount of substitutes and a low chance of new competitors although high competition with current competitors. 5. Historically, Starbucks has employed saturation and awareness strategies. 6. Current strategies reflect environmental analysis as Starbucks aims to expand and diversify, as well as raise social awareness and accountability. 7. Starbucks’ competitive advantage draws from its strategies of differentiation, technological advancement and unique atmosphere. Product Description Benefits. Starbucks is an internationally renowned brand, with 20,891 stores in 64 countries. The Starbucks product is not just a range of beverages and food; it is the service, the culture and atmosphere and the sustainability that can be expected in all of its stores. Starbucks represents this in their mission statement: to inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one  cup and one neighbourhood at a time. The more obvious part of the product is the coffee as well as other drinks and food, but another significant part of Starbucks product is it’s goals in caring for its community and being an ethical and environmentally friendly corporation. Starbucks’ large market share can be accounted to specifically targeting two main end-user groups and catering the product to their needs. Customers both male and female ages 25-40 make up for a massive 49% of Starbucks total business. Judging by their age we can assume these consumers are most likely working with greater disposable income, and we can assume working people are often busy travelling and on the go. These ages are also typical of people with new families. Another target audience is young adults aged 18-24 who make up 40% of Starbucks total business. Commonly people this age are studying, travelling, and enjoy socialising and hanging out. Generally judging on the age group they will have less income and if they are students they may have no job or only have part time work. The brand image of Starbucks plays a strong part in appealing to consumers. Starbucks’ brand image symbolises wealth and status. Starbucks utilises this by targeting the working adult and creating loyalty to its brand. Starbucks also appeals to young people as they have a strong brand image of being, quite simply, cool. Through many of the benefits of Starbucks we can understand how loyalty is an important role in why it’s customers prefer it to other cafes.There are many Starbucks cafes worldwide, and wherever you are in the world you know what to expect when you walk into a Starbucks cafà ©. Starbucks has a strong sense of consistency throughout its branches, from the menu, to the service and often the appearance of the cafà ©. This makes Starbucks a welcoming and a familiar place wherever you are buying coffee.They also benefit their consumers by being so widely available making it easy to find a Starbucks. Consequently, it is beneficial to travelling and working people who can find a Starbucks in unfamiliar places, providing the coffee and service they know and enjoy. The cafà © itself is part of the service; customers have the option to sit and stay or takeaway as it suits them. The cafà © provides a  great meeting place for young adults to socialize or study and also benefits adults who need to work, meet people or get something to eat or drink during the day. There is free Wi-Fi available which is especially appealing to young people for both study and social networking as well as beneficial to older consumers with work to attend to. Starbucks meets a range of consumer needs by having a very large variety of drinks available, and customisation is a significant part of their appeal to consumers with 87,000 different drink combinations. Because they have such a large variety, they have an option for nearly anybody and this makes Starbucks more appealing over other coffee shops. Young adults have a greater partiality to customisation, as they appreciate having many choices of different flavours and combinations. Older consumers, especially those on the go, often know what they want to order (e.g. trim flat white, long black) but benefit from the consistent menu, which always has their drink available. Loyalty is gained not only from the consistency of high quality products and service to the customers but also from the way in which Starbucks values the community and environment. Howard Schultz, CEO of Starbucks Coffee summed up what makes Starbucks successful in saying â€Å"we have no patent on anything we do and anything we do can be copied by anyone else. But you cant copy the heart and the soul and the conscience of the company.† Company’s International Strategy Starbucks is clearly a leading coffee branch that has been very successful over the past 30 years, with its constantly growing market share. However, in order to further develop a company, they must first assess their internal and external environment to evaluate the organisation’s current position. Internal and external assessment provides an opportunity for an organisation to plan, implement and evaluate their operations. SWOT analysis helps to assess the company’s internal strengths and weaknesses as well as their external opportunities and threats. Starbucks’ strengths are high quality coffee beans, strong brand image, excellent employee management, power within the industry, and unique strategy. Starbucks is one of the most powerful brands in the world (ranked 54th for the world’s most powerful brands by Forbes) and is the most powerful brand in the coffee industry. This prevents new entrants from gaining market share and has helped the organisation to remain competitive. On the other hand, they have some weaknesses; one of the main weaknesses is the fact that the entire business relies on the coffee industry. If the coffee industry faces a hard time, it will have a bad influence on Starbucks directly. One of the main reasons an organisation becomes a Multinational Enterprise is to diversify themselves against the risks and uncertainties of the domestic business cycle. However, Starbucks has over-saturated the US market with more than 3 quarters of their business located in the home market. If their home market goes through a recession, this will have a huge impact on its business. Also, their relatively high coffee price increases competition with low priced brands. After assessing the company’s internal strengths and weaknesses, an organisation then evaluates its external environments. Starbucks may extend their supplier range such as developing new products, not only their coffee but products like health and organic drinks, considering there are emerging groups of people seeking well-being products. They could also expand their business to more countries especially developing countries such as China and India. Regardless of the fact that China has a strong tea culture, Starbucks has been very successful. They currently have more than 600 stores in more than 50 cities in China, yet it is only the beginning. The market share for Starbucks is still growing however, compared to past years; it is not doing so well. The main reason for this is because of the new competitors who entered the market, for example, launch of McCafe from McDonald’s. Increased competition and competitors resulted in a higher bargaining power of buyers that lowers the market price for coffee which made it even harder for a brand who sell expensive, high quality coffees, to compete in the market. Starbucks coffees’ main ingredients are coffee beans and milk. A rise of coffee bean and dairy product prices, as a result of various non-government activities, have a strong influence on the company which may result in a  significant drop in their market share. As mentioned above, Starbucks was successful in China. Though copyright law in China is vulnerable and trademark infringement is a huge problem for all companies who are operating in China. Finally, while the earnings in the US and China remains strong, the profit from the European market has fallen due to a different regional tastes and coffee culture that resulted in a just recognisable increase in total revenue. Overall, these are Starbucks’ internal and external environments assessed using SWOT analysis. Starbucks should work through their weaknesses and threats especially their decreasing customer base due to increased competitors. Also, they should create or develop their competitive advantages through their strengths and opportunities. Furthermore, another method that helps to assess for the external environment is ‘Porter’s Five Forces Analysis’. It is a strategic tool that is used to analyse the level of competition within an industry. There are five stages to assess: bargaining power of buyers, bargaining power of suppliers, threat of new entrants, threat from substitutes, and rivalry among existing competitors. The bargaining power of buyers is high due to an increasing number of influential competitors and the fact that there are no or minimal switching costs to other companies. No or minimal switching costs means a customer can switch to its competitors easily and a growing number of competitors means that there are even higher chance of a customer switching to other companies. The degree of threats of new entrants depends much on its location for example, markets such as UK and US are already highly saturated and as such there are limited chances of a company entering the market. Also, due to the substantial amount of financial resources associated with buildings and property being required to enter the market, the threat of new entrants to the industry to compete with Starbucks is low. The bargaining power of suppliers is also very high. The world demand for coffee is fierce and coffee beans are available only in certain geographical areas such as, Africa, Latin America and some parts of Asia. There are a wide range of substitute products for Starbucks or their coffee including tea, soft drinks, water, juice and energy drinks. This, combined with an increasing focus on the negative effects of caffeine from media and among consumers, increases the percentage of consumers switching to its substitute  products. Also, there are locational substitutes such as pubs and bars where groups of people can gather and spend time away from their house and work environments. Overall, due to an increased number and power of its competitors, especially, McDonald’s (McCafe), Caribou Coffee and Dunkin Donuts, as well as many others from small local coffee shops to large global brands, the rivalry among existing competitors is very high. Unlike the early 90’s where Starbucks begun to expand, there are copious numbers of influential competitors in the market all over the world resulting in very high competition within the industry. Starbucks needs to work on how to reduce the growing power of its competitors and to gain its market share in the long-term. Starbucks holds a strong competitive advantage over its rivals mainly due to its large market share and powerful brand image. Through constant innovation and expansion, Starbucks has maintained a loyal customer base and a competitive standing within the market. The company has employed strategies such as diversifying its products, attempting to gain a larger market share internationally, such as in China, developing sustainability, such as the use of reusable cups and adapting to new methods of marketing, including social media. Starbucks has also come under scrutiny for some of its marketing techniques which include saturating the market and intentionally placing pressure on competition. Due to its early entry to the market, Starbucks was able to solidify its position and reputation. Starbucks originally built this reputation using strategies which were designed to make it the ‘third place’ people spend their time, along with work and home. This similar setting of comfort set Starbucks apart from its competitors and began the culture that now represents the company. Starbucks then began saturating areas within the United States, which created an awareness of the company whilst putting pressure on smaller businesses and competitors. As stated, Starbucks came under scrutiny for its practise of buying out other businesses and saturating the market, with some stores operating at a loss, in order to put competitors in an unfavourable position. The saturation of markets, originally in the US and later worldwide, has created a huge awareness and familiarity of the Starbucks brand. The company, therefore, has a very unique strategy; Starbucks spends less than 1% of its annual revenue on advertising, relying largely on word of mouth advertising. Comparing this to the fact that its competitors spend hugely on its advertising on media (Dunkin Donuts spent more than 83% of its budget on TV and McDonald’s spent 97%), this is very surprising. Starbucks also cuts back on it’s advertising costs through its increasing use of social media advertising. Keeping up with trends such as social media has allowed Starbucks to stay relevant at this lower cost. To illustrate their effectiveness in social media marketing: they are the highest downloaded food and drink app. Further technological advantages Starbucks uses are cloud controlled coffee machines and cloud integrated equipment and staff which allow quicker transfers of information and greater data gathering. This point of difference creates a competitive advantage that Starbucks uses to maintain its dominant position. Furthermore, Starbucks has begun to focus on diversifying its products with a heavier focus on substitutes and complementary goods such as tea and food. With tea becoming increasingly popular in the West, this allows Starbucks to have a lesser reliance solely upon coffee and creates another point of difference from its competitors. Similarly, Starbucks acquired La Boulange bakery in 2012 in order to increase the quality of its food offerings and again diversify its products to attract a larger customer base and decrease its reliance upon the coffee trade. The adoption of these emerging markets allow Starbucks to not only create greater offerings and secure its place within them, but also to become more competitive with rivals where they couldn’t before. An area in which Starbucks has proven to be focusing on is ethical and environmental responsibility. This reflects modern consumer interests and is of greater importance to Starbucks due to its international exposure. In 2013, a reusable cup was introduced at $1 each, while offering a discount on purchased coffee. This both increased overall revenue and created an environmentally responsible image. According to a YouGov Omnibus survey,  taken in January 2013, 28% of Americans had already bought, or planned to buy the reusable cup, showing the importance of the move. Starbucks’ focus on environmentalism reflects the companies focus on improving its image and its understanding of the consumer. In order to further this image again, Starbucks is currently switching its coffee sources to fair trade and aims to be 100% ethically sourced by 2015. As a further display of its social awareness, the company offers its employees an extensive range of benefits and a pay rate higher than its competitors, which resulted in a high employee loyalty, hence, less staff turnover and higher productivity. Finally, one of the larger challenges that Starbucks had faced was expanding internationally and catering to different tastes and cultures worldwide. The aim behind Starbucks’ expansion was to bring the Starbucks experience to the world. Currently, Starbucks is largely focused in expanding in China due to its size and relevance as an emerging world power. Here, Starbucks has an advantage of brand awareness which aids in establishing a dominant position in China, as well as other markets. Keeping up with trends in tastes and technology also helps Starbucks expand internationally; with the emergence of the tea drinking market into which Starbucks is investing and the global increase in communication which Starbucks capitalises upon with its social media and cloud based ventures. It is important for Starbucks to continue looking internationally for its business expansions due to having already saturated much of the US and therefore to reduce its dependence on the US market and its tastes. It is clear that Starbucks is able to continue to be competitive offering its premium priced coffee due to its constant innovation and understanding of its consumers. Starbucks consistently stays ahead of the competition in its technological advances, expansion, social awareness and product development which makes it recognisable and desirable and reduces said competition in the market. The environment which Starbucks presents creates a willingness in the consumer to pay premium pricing for the service as a whole rather than just a coffee. This is ultimately what has differentiated Starbucks from its competitors and allows it to maintain a strong and growing loyal customer base where customers will be less inclined to switch between  companies. The Starbucks company itself possesses several times more market share than any of its competitors and therefore have an almost monopolized status as an entity in the huge coffee industry. It is Starbucks’ large competitive advantages which allow them to hold this position. Not only that, the coffee giant has been able to sustain its presence for over forty years. This begs the question: is Starbucks able to sustain their competitive advantages in the future? Firstly, what are these competitive advantages? Starbucks puts a lot of focus, time and energy into differentiating itself from the competition. This can be seen in the design of its coffee shops around the world, the music played there and the types of products it sells, such as jazz CD’s, thermos’, key chains and coffee-brewing equipment. It is clear to see that Starbucks sets itself apart with the vivid attention to excellence. This differentiation is achieved by the fact that no matter which Starbucks coffee shop you visit the atmosphere will be the same, thus giving the company a status of independency and uniqueness; not following any preconceived ideas. This provides customers with a sense of belongingness which in turn results in sustained business success from loyalty of customers, unmatched by competitors. As our contemporary lives are heading towards a faster and more efficient fashion, Starbucks makes sure to keep current on the latest technology, often times pioneering the latest in technological and communication advancements for its business and customers, far ahead of the times for a coffee shop. This dominance in technological communication is a competitive advantage which not only allows for quick and sustained adoption, but also builds relationships with its customer base. For example, Starbucks was one of the first companies to adopt location-based promotions and mobile payments. In general, retail stores will set up shop in locations based on demographics, locations of competitors, locations of own stores, traffic  patterns and so forth. However, instead of following the rest of the sheep, Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz had a different idea. Schultz decided that his strategy focused on heavily increasing the foot traffic in one specific part of town. By clustering a specific part of town with coffee shops Starbucks quickly achieved market dominance with this competitive advantage. Starbucks boasts the highest frequency of weekly visiting customers out of any American retailer, with over 20 million weekly visitors. Even more so impressive is that the company spends less than 1% of its annual revenues on advertising, against the typical 10% rather, the Starbucks competitive advantage relies on word of mouth. They believe that by creating an intimate and welcoming environment in their stores, as well as providing a great cup of coffee, customers will not only return, but do the advertising for them. Starbuck’s, with its clear points of difference, has created a loyal customer base which is willing to continue paying premium prices for the ‘Starbucks experience’. As Starbucks’ annual revenue increases have been consistent over the past ten years (see table 1), from $3.3 billion to $13.29 in 2012, this experience seems greatly successful and as such it is hard to imagine these competitive advantage formulae and successes being unsustainable for the foreseeable future. References 3 Ways Starbucks Is Innovating and Why You Should Care. (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/229580 Business Strategies. (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://thebusinesstrategy.blogspot.co.nz/2013/03/how-has-starbucks-been-so-successful.html Hennessey, R. (2012, August 06). 3 Reasons Why Starbucks Still Shines, Despite Market Shortcomings. Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelhennessey/2012/08/06/3-reasons-why-starbucks-still-shines-despite-market-shortcomings/ Many innovations today are associated with companies as opposed to individuals. Why is this, and what does it tell us? (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://research-methodology.net/ Mission Statement. (n.d.). Retrieved May 20, 2014, from http://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information/mission-statement Starbucks Competitive Analysis. (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://www.slideshare.net/mspinella1016/starbucks-competitive-analysis Starb ucks Company Statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved May 20, 2014, from http://www.statisticbrain.com/starbucks-company-statistics/ Starbucks reusable cups are a hit. (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://today.yougov.com/news/2013/01/08/starbucks-reusable-cups-are-hit/ Starbucks: A Model of Success | TIME.com. (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://business.time.com/2013/08/27/starbucks-a-model-of-success/ Sustained Competitive Advantage of Starbucks. (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://unrealist.hubpages.com/hub/Sustained-Competitive-Advantage-of-Starbucks Tice, C. (2013, January 17). How Starbucks Will Make Millions Off Its New, Reusable Cup. Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://www.forbes.com/sites/caroltice/2013/01/17/how-starbucks-will-make-millions-off-its-new-reusable-cup/ The Worlds Most Powerful Brands. (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2014, from http://www.rankingthebrands.com/The-Brand-Rankings.aspx?rankingID=279nav=category A look at Starbucks’ marketing strateg y. (n.d.). Retrieved May 20, 2014, from http://www.insidebusiness360.com/index.php/a-look-at-starbucks-marketing-strategy-1425/

Oppression and Class warfare Exposed in Dr. Howard Zinn’s A People’s Hi

Dr. Howard Zinn’s A People’s History of the United States might be better titled A Proletarian’s History of the United States. In the first three chapters Zinn looks at not only the history of the conquerors, rulers, and leaders; but also the history of the enslaved, the oppressed, and the led. Like any American History book covering the time period of 1492 until the early 1760’s, A People’s History tells the story of the â€Å"discovery† of America, early colonization by European powers, the governing of these colonies, and the rising discontent of the colonists towards their leaders. Zinn, however, stresses the role of a number of groups and ideas that most books neglect or skim over: the plight of the Native Americans that had their numbers reduced by up to 90% by European invasion, the equality of these peoples in many regards to their European counterparts, the importation of slaves into America and their unspeakable travel conditions and treatment, the callous buildup of the agricultural economy around these slaves, the discontented colonists whose plight was ignored by the ruling bourgeoisie, and most importantly, the rising class and racial struggles in America that Zinn correctly credits as being the root of many of the problems that we as a nation have today. It is refreshing to see a book that spends space based proportionately around the people that lived this history. When Columbus arrived on the Island of Haiti, there were 39 men on board his ships compared to the 250,000 Indians on Haiti. If the white race accounts for less than two hundredths of one percent of the island’s population, it is only fair that the natives get more than the two or three sentences that they get in most history books. Zinn cites population figures, first person accounts, and his own interpretation of their effects to create an accurate and fair depiction of the first two and a half centuries of European life on the continent of North America. The core part of any history book is obviously history. In the first three chapters of the book, Zinn presents the major historical facts of the first 250 years of American history starting from when Christopher Columbus’s Nià ±a, Pinta, and Santa Maria landed in the Bahamas on October 12, 1492. It was there that Europeans and Native A... ...form of rhetoric, concessions, and propaganda calling for loyalty to America’s upper classes and rebellion, first quiet and then loud, against England. â€Å"[The bind of loyalty] was the language of liberty and equality, which could unite just enough whites to fight a Revolution against England, without ending either slavery or inequality† (58). Zinn is absolutely correct in seeing the ulterior motives of our founding fathers; they realized that splitting from England would be good for them financially, socially, and politically. What they did was harness the people’s anger against them and used it, quite ironically, for their own advancement. Ultimately, for the first 250 years of America’s history, there was oppression and class warfare on varying scales that are traditionally ignored or unemphasized by traditional history texts, but Zinn masterfully shows the reader are major and influencial parts of American history. To ignore the plight of the conquored and oppressed is to ignore a part of history that cannot be ignored. Work Cited Zinn, Howard, A People’s History of the United States, New York: Harper and Row Publishers, 1980

Marketing Plan and Marketing Strategy

Complete understanding of the marketplace and very careful planning are very important in developing a business strategy that will guarantee success. Successful businesses have certainly all stated with a very efficient and effective marketing plan. In running a business, marketing plays a very important role. The business owner must be knowledgeable with the business’ customers, with their competitors, their strengths and weaknesses. These elements along with others should be well-defined in order to develop a well-written marketing plan and should be carried out though effective marketing strategies. Marketing Plan and its Overall Purpose An excellent marketing plan will draw how the business can catch the attention and retain their customers, how it will content with identified competitors and the needed fund to achieve desirable results. The marketing plan should incorporate a thorough market research, location of the business, the targeted group of customers, competition, product or service to put in the market for sale and effective strategies for promotions and advertisements. A marketing plan assists the business to incorporate its total marketing effort. It makes sure of a logical and organized approach to products and services development in order to meet and satisfy the needs of the customers. (Paul, 2007) Conducting a market research is needed to start an effective marketing plan. Through market research, relevant data will be gathered in order to help the business to solve possible problems in marketing. Frequently, the most common way of conducting market research is though survey via direct mail, telephone survey or facilitating a focus group session. Derivative or secondary data is also important to a successful market plan. Studies and reports done by different sectors of the society, like the government, associations and other businesses within the industry can provide very significant data and statistics on the research area. Consumer behavior research as the scientific study of the processes consumers use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products and services that satisfy their needs is very important in market research. Consumer behavior unswervingly affects marketing strategy. This is because of the concept of marketing, the idea that firms are present to satisfy customer needs (Winer, 2000). In writing the marketing plan the business needs to be clear on its objectives and how they will achieve them. A good marketing plan makes realistic, measurable and very clear objectives, which includes deadlines, provides a budget and designates responsibilities. A marketing plan is comprised of an analysis of the current market of the business, the business’ objectives, the business’ key strategies, the business’ actions to attaining their objectives, their allocated budget and the effective timing of entering and positioning in the market Regardless of what type of market research a business will do, the focus should be on gathering sufficient information to find out who the potential customers are, if there is product or service demand for the business, if there are competitors in the scope of the business and how can the business be successful in the marketplace that they belong to. A comprehensive and a well-written marketing plan is very vital to all business undertakings because it illustrates how the business plan to attract and retain customers, how they will compete with their competitors, and what resources will they have available to attain the identified goals of the business. (Paul, 1997) Marketing Strategy and its Various Components In the present intense competition in the marketplace, a strategy that guarantees a coherent approach providing the business’ product or service in a way that it will outperform its competitors is very crucial. On the other hand, by defining the marketing strategy of the business, it is a must to have a well-written methodology for the everyday process of implementing it. There is little value to strategy when the business lacks the resources or the know-how in its implementation. The process of developing a marketing strategy involves the consideration of many factors. Out of those factors some are more important compared with the others. For the reason that each strategy must prioritize some distinct considerations, it is not rational to determine each important factor at a generic level. (Porter, 1998) In developing a marketing strategy, there are two major components, which are: How will the business address the competition in the market How will the business carry out and support their daily operations After selecting the direction which is the most ideal for the overall objectives of the business, the next step is to consider the following factors in order to select a strategy for the offering that will outsell in the market: (Porter, 1998) Pricing After determining the overall objective of the offering and selecting a generic strategy, the business should then decide on the range of closely associated operational strategies. One of these is how will the business price the offering. The pricing strategy is mostly influenced by the business’ necessity for net income and the objectives for stable market control. Promotion In order to sell an offering, the business should effectively promote and advertise it. Place of Distribution The business must choose the distribution channel and the method that will be utilized to get the offering into the close to the customer. Product/Service The business should be scrupulously familiar with the factors that launch products/services as strong contenders in the marketplace. Once the strategy is defined the must use the gathered information to determine whether this strategy will attain the objective of making the business competitive in the marketplace. Marketing Plan and a Marketing Strategy Fitting Together The marketing plan is how the business puts marketing strategy into practice. It is worth emphasizing the main points of the business’ strategy in the plan. The marketing plan functions as a detailed road map for the planning and supervision of all marketing undertakings for a given period. An effective marketing plan must be customized and it may be essential to change a range of sections to meet the changing needs of the business to which it applies. Effective marketing plans start by studying what is presently happening and what has happened in the past. It is unworkable to build up solid plans for the future if the present situation is misunderstood. The marketing plan can then be considered as the practical application of their marketing strategy. In effect, the business will not have a marketing plan without a marketing strategy. Then marketing strategies sets in by being delivered by the business’ detailed marketing plan. Conclusion Operating successful business is not an easy task; it involves a great deal of business knowledge. Marketing is simply all about letting people know about the product or service that a certain business offers, and influencing potential customers to buy or use it. And for effective marketing the business have to let people know about their product or service constantly and to do this, the business will to have to come up with both an appropriate and effective marketing strategy and a marketing plan. References: Paul, S. (2007). Why Need a Marketing Plan?, Legal Zoom Article Center. Porter, M. (1998). Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, Free Press. Winer, R.S. (2007). Marketing Management, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.